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牛（niú）市（shì）：牛市是预料（yù liào）股市行情看涨（zhǎng），前景乐观（qián jǐng lè guān）。The bull market is a term that is expected to be bullish on the stock market and optimistic in the future.
熊（xióng）市：熊市是预料股市行情看跌（diē），前景悲观（bēi guān）。The bear market is expected to be bearish in the stock market, and the outlook is pessimistic.
沪（hù）市：上海证券（zhèng quàn）交易所Shanghai Stock Exchange
深（shēn）市：深圳证券交易所Shenzhen Stock Exchange